{"id":106009,"date":"2025-09-25T12:59:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T16:59:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/?page_id=106009"},"modified":"2025-11-04T16:38:31","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T21:38:31","slug":"advocacy-guide-for-international-education","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/why-history-matters\/your-voice-matters\/advocacy-guide-for-international-education\/","title":{"rendered":"Advocacy Guide for International Education"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<h4>Contents<\/h4>\n<a href=\"#threats\">Threats to International Education Today<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#federal\">How Is Federal Policy Threatening International ECEs?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#value\">Demonstrating the Value of International Education<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#crafting\">Resources for Crafting Your Argument<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#historians\">Historians and International Education<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#counter\">Countering Arguments against International Education<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#policies\">Enacted &amp; Pending Policies Affecting ECE Programs<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#additional\">Additional Resources on International Education<\/a>\n<h3  id=\"threats\">\n\t\t\tThreats to International Education Today\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tSupport International Education Exchanges\t<\/h4>\n\t<p><strong>For decades, federal educational and cultural exchange (ECE) programs-including the Fulbright, Title VI, and Fulbright-Hays-have provided invaluable opportunities for students, scholars, and educators in history and other disciplines.<\/strong> International exchanges play a pivotal role in many aspects of historical study, and federal funding ensures that students and scholars of all backgrounds have the ability to conduct research, further language acquisition, and collaborate with scholars in their fields.<\/p>\n<p><strong>More than 45 programs sponsored by the Departments of State, Education, and Defense enable tens of thousands of educational exchanges each year.<\/strong> Sponsored exchanges range from PhD students conducting dissertation research, to master&#8217;s students undertaking degrees at international institutions, to distinguished scholars lecturing in the USand overseas, from K-12 teachers and administrators learning about education in other parts of the world, to future federal employees learning languages critical to national interests, to supporting children of veterans with international education, and more. These exchanges are bilateral, bringing international students and scholars to the United States and in turn sending Americans abroad.<\/p>\n<p><strong>All historians-not solely those who research other parts of the world-benefit from international exchanges.<\/strong> State-sponsored exchanges first arose in the aftermath of World War II and during the Cold War, when the United States and its allies promoted international education with the goal of sharing knowledge between nations, strengthening international ties, and promoting global stability, all in the interest of national security and diplomacy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The AHA has a <a href=\"#additional\">strong record<\/a> of supporting Title VI, Fulbright-Hays, Fulbright, and other ECE programs<\/strong>, as its own history demonstrates the scholarly and diplomatic benefits of supporting international education. Since the AHA&#8217;s founding in 1884, at least 99 presidents had international experiences-including studying, teaching, living, or working abroad-or were international scholars themselves. Fourteen of the last 15 winners of the AHA&#8217;s prestigious Herbert Baxter Adams Prize completed academic exchanges or were international-born scholars. International scholars and international scholarly exchanges contribute in countless ways to the field of history in the United States, from pathbreaking research to teaching the next generation of Americans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>International scholars and international scholarly exchanges contribute in countless ways to the discipline of history in the United States<\/strong>, from pathbreaking research to teaching the next generation of Americans. Essential ECE programs are under threat due to policy and funding objectives of the Trump administration. Proposed funding cuts threaten the ability of American universities to train a new generation of historians. While funding and maintaining such international exchange programs does require significant financial and personnel investment, their intellectual, diplomatic, and economic benefits far outweigh the costs.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<p>&#8220;International connections were an absolutely essential-and wonderful-component of my long career. \u00a0I could also add that I advised European PhD students and that several of my PhD students were advised by my European friends and colleagues.&#8221;<strong>Thomas F. X. Noble<\/strong>Andrew V. Tackes Professor Emeritus, University of Notre Dame<\/p>\t\t\n\t\t\t<p>&#8220;Ultimately, spending a year abroad in an unfamiliar place gave me fresh eyes. What I learned from my time abroad, and subsequent re-entry, can be summed up as follows. We come to the university-to history and to the humanities more broadly-with questions. An education provides us not so much with answers, but with the tools to pursue those questions-and the means to build the skills-listening, writing, research, engaging in conversation-to fathom a sense of who we are in the world-to clarify a fullness of being, of meaning, that no one else could have fully envisioned or articulated for us.&#8221;<strong>Laura Hostetler<\/strong>Professor, Univ. of Illinois, Chicago<\/p>\t\t\n\t\t\t<p>&#8220;As a Fulbright Lecturer in Hiroshima, Japan in 1977-78, along with my wife and two young children (4 and 7), I enjoyed all the joys and challenges of another culture and the enhanced perspective of my own . . . . Perhaps the most unanticipated benefit for all of us was on our return to the US and the realization of the impact this experience had on our sense of ourselves and our own culture. I was inspired to devote the remainder of my academic career in some aspect of international education, witnessing what even a two-week international study tour could mean for young people-and even faculty members&#8211;who had never been outside their state or the US.&#8221;<strong>Blaine Brownell<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\n\t\t\t<p>&#8220;I was a Fulbright Scholar in Hungary in 2013. I learned a great deal about the university system in Hungary, and in continental Europe in general. How general education and majors work was quite different. The same goes for how attendance, exams, and grading worked. This came in handy about a year and a half after I returned, when I was tapped to help lead my university&#8217;s general education program. My European experience helped me offer comparisons and contrasts to colleagues and to students, so that we could all understand what we gain and what we lose in either model.&#8221;<strong>Gabriel Loiacono<\/strong><br \/>Professor of History &amp; Associate School Director of Public Affairs &amp; Global Engagement, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh<\/p>\t\t\n<h3  id=\"federal\">\n\t\t\tHow Is Federal Policy Threatening International ECEs?\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tWhy Is This Important?\t<\/h4>\n\t<p><strong>Now is the time to advocate for international education.<\/strong> The executive branch seeks to eliminate all funding for ECE programs, while Congress appears divided.Final votes on the FY2026 budget have not been cast.<\/p>\n<p>The current presidential administration (in the FY2026 Executive Discretionary Budget Request and Department Budget Justifications) seeks to eliminate funding for all ECE programs at the State Department and Department of Education, including Fulbright, Fulbright-Hays, and Title VI programs. Not only would these cuts effectively dismantle longstanding programs established by acts of Congress, but they would also considerably impact independent study abroad organizations that rely on government grants and\/or administration to facilitate international exchanges.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The proposed executive budget would withdraw all funding from the Department of Education&#8217;s &#8220;Title VI&#8221; (International Education and Foreign Language Studies Domestic Programs) and Fulbright-Hays Programs (<strong>cutting $85.7 million<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>The proposed budget also calls for defunding the State Department Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs entirely (<strong>cutting $691 million<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Provisions in Congressional appropriations bills would restrict funding to projects that align with current administration &#8220;anti-DEI&#8221; initiatives, thereby limiting academic and research freedom and potentially allowing partisan influence over fellowship selection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, recent legislative actions indicate that support for international education persists among some members of Congress. The proposed House Appropriations for the Department of State (HR 4779) and the proposed Senate Appropriations for the Department of Education (S2587) would protect much of the existing funding for international exchange, if passed. On the other hand, the House Appropriations for the Department of Education (H.R. 5304)-seeks to eliminate funding for HEA-Title VI and Fulbright Hays programs. (As of September 23, 2025, the Senate has yet to release its appropriations bill covering the Department of State.) Lawmakers appear divided, and now is the time to advocate.<\/p>\n<h3  id=\"value\">\n\t\t\tDemonstrating the Value of International Education\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tHow can we explain the importance of international education to policymakers and other audiences? \t<\/h4>\n\t<p>Many elected officials have participated in international exchange programs and are likely familiar with the personal benefits they provide. But many policymakers remain unaware of the broader economic, diplomatic, and security ramifications of such programs.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>International students and scholars directly support state and national economies in the United States.<\/strong> In 2023, international students contributed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/policy-and-advocacy\/policy-resources\/nafsa-international-student-economic-value-tool-v2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$43.8 billion<\/a> to the US economy, through tuition paid to host universities, travel expenses, housing expenses, food and other taxable sale items, and visa fees.*\n<ul>\n<li><strong>All states are positively impacted by their international students<\/strong>, not only states like California and New York, which enroll particularly high numbers of international students. Even Wyoming and Alaska-the states that enrolled the fewest international students in AY2023, at 839 and 297 students, respectively-gained a combined $30.7 million as a result of their international admits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Funding for international education comprises less than 1% of the national budget.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>*Arguments based on national economic interests are resonating less with the current administration but may still be persuasive to other lawmakers.<\/p>\n\t<p><em>Infographics by the AHA. Click to expand.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3  id=\"crafting\">\n\t\t\tResources for Crafting Your Argument\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tThe Many Benefits of ECEs\t<\/h4>\n\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Participating in international exchanges makes<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Gaining-an-Employment-Edge-The-Impact-of-Study-Abroad.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American students more desirable to employers<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Broadening-Opportunities-for-Study-Abroad-digital-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">better prepared to enter the global economy<\/a>.\n<ul>\n<li>Increasing globalization of the economy has encouraged students to seek out educational programs that will provide skills necessary to engage in a global workforce, such as language competency and cultural awareness.<\/li>\n<li>A 2017 <a href=\"https:\/\/research.newamericaneconomy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/NAE_Bilingual_V9.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> by New American Economy found that in 2015, employers posted approximately <strong>630,000 job listings<\/strong> seeking bilingual applicants, a <strong>162.5% increase<\/strong> from 2010, particularly for positions in customer service, sales, medicine, financial services, and business administration.<\/li>\n<li>In a 2017 Institute of International Education study, <strong>alumni in STEM fields credited their study abroad experiences<\/strong> for the acquisition of soft skills like problem-solving, adaptability, and cultural awareness, which gave them a hiring advantage over peers with similar credentials but no study abroad experience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>International exchanges serve core national diplomatic and security interests.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Programs focusing on critical languages and area studies ensure there are American experts in the languages and cultures of global regions that <a href=\"https:\/\/clscholarship.org\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historically have<\/a>-and under the <a href=\"https:\/\/static.heritage.org\/project2025\/2025_MandateForLeadership_FULL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">current administration<\/a>, continue to be-identified as key to national security strategy, including China, the Middle East and North Africa, and Russia.<\/li>\n<li>By increasing contacts between ordinary Americans and individuals of other nationalities, international exchanges encourage goodwill toward the United States and its people. They challenge negative and uninformed stereotypes of Americans. American students and scholars serve as unofficial ambassadors, abroad.<\/li>\n<li>Many American students <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/monkey-cage\/wp\/2015\/08\/20\/the-surprising-effects-of-study-abroad\/\">report greater appreciation<\/a> for the United States and American culture upon returning from study abroad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>International exchanges provide foreign students and scholars higher education opportunities<\/strong> that are <a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000394112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inaccessible in their home countries<\/a>, particularly for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1187348\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">women<\/a> and other at-risk scholars.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The United States has a long history of offering and facilitating asylum to foreign scholars at risk<\/strong>, who go on to advance education in their host countries. Since 2002, the Institute of International Education (IIE) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarrescuefund.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scholar Rescue Fund<\/a> has aided 1,166 at-risk scholars from 62 countries through relocation assistance and over $48 million in fellowship grants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3  id=\"historians\">\n\t\t\tHistorians and International Education\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tWhy Do Historians Need International Education?\t<\/h4>\n\t<p><strong>Ensuring intellectual, legal, and physical protection is essential to attracting and retaining international students and scholars in the United States.<\/strong> Previous and emerging trends indicate that removing such protections will likely force international students and scholars to study in other countries, taking their expertise and goodwill with them. Consequently, the United States risks losing its status as the foremost global driver of research. Furthermore, due to the expectation of reciprocal agreements between nations, greater restrictions on incoming academic mobility will likely create additional barriers for American students and scholars to study and research abroad.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The study of history, including American history, requires international travel and intellectual exchange.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Immersive language studies:<\/strong> Language learning is a bedrock prerequisite for responsible historical research.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conducting archival research:<\/strong> The vast majority of archival documents throughout the world have not been digitized, due to the extensive quantity of documents, a lack of resources, and\/or preservation concerns. Some archives lack thorough catalogs, making it difficult to remotely request digitization.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Site-specific research:<\/strong> archeological excavations, oral history collection, anthropological observations, codicology, environmental analysis, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Attending conferences:<\/strong> to share research and network with other historians.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Learning theoretical and methodological approaches<\/strong> from other intellectual contexts; scholars from different countries often analyze and interpret the same historical events in different ways.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>International scholarly collaboration produces<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britishcouncil.org\/sites\/default\/files\/k006_02_the_shape_of_global_higher_education_in_europe_final_v5_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more<\/a> <strong>and<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/07294360.2021.1962813\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">better<\/a> <strong>research<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>Travel and exchange make Americans world-leading producers of history across many fields other than US history<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exchanges with individuals of different backgrounds, cultures, and worldviews promote<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/uis.unesco.org\/en\/blog\/brain-drain-gain-benefits-arising-international-knowledge-networks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intellectual diversity<\/a> <strong>in IHEs.<\/strong> International scholars in the United States serve on thesis and dissertation committees, as undergraduate and graduate advisors, and as graduate and teaching assistant supervisors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3  id=\"counter\">\n\t\t\tCountering Arguments against International Education\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tWhat arguments Are Used against International Education?\t<\/h4>\n\t<h5>Administration Claims Against International Education<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>ECE programs are unaffordable. They need to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/FY-2026-State-CBJ-.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reduce dependency<\/a> on federal appropriations by leveraging NGO contributions and other revenue streams instead.<\/li>\n<li>Programs supporting foreign students and scholars <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/FY-2026-State-CBJ-.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;crowd out&#8221;<\/a> higher education opportunities available to American students.<\/li>\n<li>ECE programs do not align with current <a href=\"https:\/\/static.heritage.org\/project2025\/2025_MandateForLeadership_FULL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;America First&#8221;<\/a> national priorities.<\/li>\n<li>ECE programs are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/FY-2026-State-CBJ-.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outdated holdovers<\/a> from the Cold War.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>How to Respond to These Claims<\/h5>\n<p>Despite <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1jLTKDgyDvQleqjUC404SFuZpR1zFK9l9QpL45YrM3pA\/edit?tab=t.z79xwskn08q9#heading=h.omo5kmnggo9f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contrary claims by the current administration<\/a>, decades of evidence demonstrate that international exchanges, both incoming and outgoing, create rather than foreclose opportunities for Americans.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Claims-and-Facts-on-International-Education.png\" alt=\"Claims and Facts on International Education\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"1280\" width=\"1024\" title=\"Claims and Facts on International Education\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t<p><em>Infographic by the AHA. <\/em><\/p>\n<h3  id=\"policies\">\n\t\t\tEnacted &#038; Pending Policies Affecting ECE Programs\t<\/h3>\n\t<p>Executive Orders and actions throughout 2025 have <strong>increased scrutiny of visa holders and applicants<\/strong>, and targeted the due process of non-citizen residents and intellectual freedom of students, scholars, and federally-funded Institutes of Higher Education (IHE). Anti-DEI and &#8220;America First&#8221; compliance has been mandated for IHEs and educational and cultural exchange programs. Increased scrutiny has been applied to foreign funding of American IHEs.<\/p>\n<p>A list of selected enacted and pending policies impacting international education can be found below.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">Executive Orders<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/29\/2025-01952\/america-first-policy-directive-to-the-secretary-of-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14150<\/a>: America First Policy Directive to the Secretary of State.\n<ul>\n<li>Directs the Department of State to review all policies, programs, personnel, and operations to ensure they reflect an &#8220;America First&#8221; mindset.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/29\/2025-02006\/protecting-the-american-people-against-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14159<\/a>: Protecting the American People against Invasion.\n<ul>\n<li>Directs U.S. agencies to prioritize border security and the deportation of undocumented immigrants, as well as to audit funding to non-governmental organizations suspected of supporting, directly or indirectly, undocumented immigrants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/30\/2025-02009\/protecting-the-united-states-from-foreign-terrorists-and-other-national-security-and-public-safety\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14161<\/a>: Protecting the United States from Foreign Terrorists and Other National Security and Public Safety Threats\n<ul>\n<li>Enacts travel ban against all individuals from 12 countries.<\/li>\n<li>Calls for increased scrutiny of visa-holders to ensure they do not &#8220;bear hostile attitudes toward its citizens, culture, government, institutions, or founding principles, and do not advocate for, aid, or support designated foreign terrorists and other threats to our national security&#8221; (Sec.1b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/02\/03\/2025-02232\/ending-radical-indoctrination-in-k-12-schooling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14190<\/a>: Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling\n<ul>\n<li>Mandates federal agencies, including the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs and Fulbright promote &#8220;patriotic education.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/03\/12\/2025-04103\/restoring-public-service-loan-forgiveness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14235<\/a>: Restoring Public Service Loan Forgiveness\n<ul>\n<li>Calls for revising legal definition of &#8220;public service&#8221; to exclude organizations allegedly aiding undocumented immigration and\/or foreign threats, promoting transgender rights, or promoting &#8220;disorderly conduct.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/03\/25\/2025-05213\/improving-education-outcomes-by-empowering-parents-states-and-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14242<\/a>: Improving Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and Communities\n<ul>\n<li>Directs the Department of Education to withdraw federal funding from programs and activities with diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) policies and initiatives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/04\/28\/2025-07376\/reforming-accreditation-to-strengthen-higher-education\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14279<\/a>: Reforming Accreditation to Strengthen Higher Education\n<ul>\n<li>Directs the Department of Education to deny, suspend, or terminate accreditation recognition from accreditation institutions with DEI-driven policies or data analysis.<br \/>\nCalls for accreditation requirements for &#8220;intellectual diversity&#8221; among\u00a0 IHE faculty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/04\/28\/2025-07379\/transparency-regarding-foreign-influence-at-american-universities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EO14282<\/a>: Transparency Regarding Foreign Influence at American Universities\n<ul>\n<li>Directs the Department of Education to withdraw federal funding from IHEs that do not disclose sources and purposes of foreign funding in compliance with the executive order.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-1\">Miscellaneous Policies<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-1\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Terminated Fulbright-Hays and Title VI (Higher Education Act of 1965) programs.<\/li>\n<li>Rescission of &#8220;protected areas&#8221; guidance for ICE, enabling immigration enforcement at universities (January 20, 2025).<\/li>\n<li>State Department 15-day funding pause of current and future international education and exchange grants (February 12, 2025, funds actually withheld until late March).<\/li>\n<li>Alleged unauthorized rescission of more than 200 approved Fulbright grants, causing 11 of 12 members of the Fulbright Scholarships Board to resign on June 11, 2025, protesting &#8220;injecting politics and ideological mandates into the Fulbright program.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>The July 23, 2025 settlement negotiated with Columbia University-widely understood to be a model for future university settlements sought by the Administration-calls for stricter review of international student applications (\u00a7VI.21-22) and requires the university to &#8220;examine its business model and take steps to decrease financial dependence on international student enrollment&#8221; (\u00a7VI.22).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-2\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-2\">Pending Policies<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-2\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>The current presidential administration (in the FY2026 Discretionary Budget Request and Department Budget Justifications) seeks to eliminate funding for all Educational and Cultural Exchange\u00a0 programs at the State Department and Department of Education, including Fulbright, Fulbright-Hays, and Title VI programs. Not only would these cuts effectively dismantle longstanding programs established by acts of Congress, but they would also considerably impact independent study abroad organizations which rely on government grants and\/or administration to facilitate international exchanges.<\/p>\n<h4>State Department<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Proposed allocation of $28.5 billion to the Department of State, Foreign Relations, and related programs-a 48.5% decrease from the $58.8 billion allocated to State and USAID in FY2025.<\/li>\n<li>This would cut $691 million from ECE Programs, with just $50 million requested for &#8220;providing core program management.&#8221;\n<ul>\n<li>Programs Affected: Fulbright (20 programs), Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship Program, EducationUSA, Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program, International Visitor Leadership Program, TechWomen, South Pacific Exchanges, Timor Leste Exchanges, Mobility Exchange Clearinghouse, English Language Programs, Critical Language Scholarships, USAID educational exchange programs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Department of Education<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>$10.3 million cut from Fulbright-Hays programs, $0 requested\n<ul>\n<li>Programs Affected: Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad, Fulbright-Hays Faculty Research Abroad, Fulbright-Hays Group Projects Abroad, Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>$75.4 million cut from Title VI (Higher Education Act) programs, $0 requested\n<ul>\n<li>Programs Affected: American Overseas Research Centers, Business and International Education Program, Centers for International Business Education, Foreign Language and Area Studies Program (FLAS), International Research and Studies, Language Resource Centers, National Resource Centers, Undergraduate International Studies and Foreign Language Program<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recent legislative actions indicate that significant support for international education persists among members of Congress. Continued advocacy is necessary to retain these provisions in final budget appropriations. Additionally, certain provisions (HR 4779, Section \u00a77067 (c)) would restrict funding to projects which align with current administration &#8220;anti-DEI&#8221; initiatives, thereby limiting academic and research freedom and potentially allowing partisan influence over fellowship selection.<\/p>\n<h4>Congressional Appropriations Bills FY2026<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/119th-congress\/house-bill\/4779\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HR 4779<\/a> <strong>House National Security, Department of State, and Related Programs Appropriations Act<\/strong> (introduced July 25, 2025)\n<ul>\n<li>ECE programs allocated $700,946,000 (-$40 million from FY24 allocation) including $287,800,000 for Fulbright (no change from FY24 allocation)<\/li>\n<li>Would permanently rescind $98,000,000 in unobligated funds from the Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/119th-congress\/senate-bill\/2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">S 2587<\/a> <strong>Senate Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act<\/strong> (introduced July 31, 2025)\n<ul>\n<li>Allocates $80,664,000 to International Education and Foreign Language programs (- $5 million from Senate&#8217;s FY2025 allocation)<\/li>\n<li>$10,311,000 of that amount is allocated specifically toward overseas programs (no change from Senate&#8217;s FY2025 allocation)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/119th-congress\/house-bill\/5304\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HR 5304<\/a> <strong>House Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act<\/strong> (introduced September 11, 2025)\n<ul>\n<li>Seeks to eliminate funding for HEA-Title VI and Fulbright-Hays programs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>At time of writing, budget appropriations are likely to be voted upon in fall 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3  id=\"additional\">\n\t\t\tAdditional Resources on International Education\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">A Short History of Federally-Sponsored Exchanges<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Servicemen&#8217;s Readjustment Act of 1944:<\/strong> Some veterans used their GI Bill benefits to pursue education abroad, particularly in the arts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fulbright Act of 1946:<\/strong> Sponsored by Arkansas Senator, J. William Fulbright, establishing the Fulbright Scholarship Program in the State Department.<\/li>\n<li><strong>National Defense Education Act of 1958:<\/strong> In response to the launching of Sputnik, expanded federal funding to universities, with a specific focus on language and area studies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act (Fulbright-Hays Act) of 1961:<\/strong> Added additional Fulbright programs and established the Fulbright-Hays programs in the Department of Education.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Higher Education Act of 1965:<\/strong> Expanded on programs developed under the NDEA, and, under Title VI, established the International Education and Foreign Language Studies Domestic Programs in the Department of Education.<\/li>\n<li><strong>David L. Boren National Security Education Act of 1991:<\/strong> Established the National Security Education Program in the Department of Defense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-1\">Other Organizations and Initiatives<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-1\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Council on Standards for International Education Travel (CSIET)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.csiet.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CSIET<\/a> &#8220;evaluates and certifies long-term international student exchange programs at the secondary level while also providing guidance on student visa issues.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Higher Ed Immigration Portal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;An initiative by the Presidents&#8217; Alliance on Higher Education and Immigration. A digital platform that integrates data, policies, and resources about DACA and undocumented, refugee, other immigrant, and international students to support federal immigration reform, fuel change at the state and campus level, and build a diverse movement of partners and stakeholders advocating alongside these students.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.higheredimmigrationportal.org\/resources\/rights-protections-hub-guidance-for-institutions-and-immigrant-students\/\">Rights &amp; Protections Hub: Guidance for Institutions and Immigrant Students<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>NAFSA: Association of International Educators<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;International education is the cornerstone for building a more understanding and peaceful world. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/\">NAFSA<\/a> serves the needs of more than 10,000 members and international educators worldwide and is the leading organization committed to international education and exchange, working to advance policies and practices that build global citizens with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in today&#8217;s interconnected world.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/current-us-administration\">Current US Administration<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>National Humanities Alliance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The National Humanities Alliance is &#8220;an alliance of colleges, universities, libraries, museums, cultural organizations, state humanities councils, and scholarly, professional, and higher education associations committed to ensuring that the humanities remain central to American life.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nhalliance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/2025-Title-VI-Briefing-Document.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Title VI and Fulbright-Hays<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>The AHA is a member of the National Humanities Alliance.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>National Immigration Law Center<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nilc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An advocacy organization<\/a> dedicated to advancing and defending the rights and opportunities of low-income immigrants and their loved ones through working at the intersection of immigrant, economic, and racial justice.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Presidents&#8217; Alliance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.presidentsalliance.org\/\">Presidents&#8217; Alliance<\/a> [is] an alliance of American college and university leaders dedicated to increasing public understanding of how immigration policies and practices impact our students, campuses and communities. We support policies that create a welcoming environment for immigrant, undocumented and international students on our campuses.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presidentsalliance.org\/resources\/\">Resources on Higher Education and Immigration<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Scholars at Risk<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/\">Scholars at Risk<\/a> (SAR) is an international network of higher education institutions and individuals dedicated to protecting threatened scholars, preventing attacks on higher education, and promoting academic freedom and related values worldwide.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/academic-freedom-media-review-us-bulletin\/\">Academic Freedom Media Review: US Bulletin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/get-help\/\">Get Help<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/get-involved-institutions\/\">Get Involved<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>The AHA is a member of the Scholars at Risk network.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-2\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-2\">AHA Support for International Education<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-2\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-urging-protection-of-title-vi-programs-in-fy26\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Urging Protection of Title VI Programs in FY26<\/a>,&#8221; July 16, 2025.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/action-alert-support-title-vi-and-fulbright-hays-funding\/;\">Action Alert: Support Title VI and Fulbright-Hays Funding<\/a>,&#8221; May 22, 2025.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-recommending-strong-funding-for-title-vi-programs-in-fy25\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Recommending Strong Funding for Title VI Programs in FY25,<\/a>&#8221; July 18, 2024.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-urging-hea-title-vi-funding-for-fy-2025\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Urging HEA-Title VI Funding for FY 2025,<\/a>&#8221; June 21, 2024.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-urging-hea-title-vi-funding-for-fy-2024\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Urging HEA-Title VI Funding for FY 2024,<\/a>&#8221; September 14, 2023.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-urging-title-vi-funding-for-fy-2024\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Urging Title VI Funding for FY 2024<\/a>,&#8221; May 12, 2023.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-cie-letter-urging-title-vi-funding-for-2023\/\">AHA Signs On to CIE Letter Urging Title VI Funding for 2023<\/a>,&#8221; January 11, 2023.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-advocating-for-fy23-title-vi-funding\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter Advocating for FY23 Title VI Funding<\/a>,&#8221; May 31, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-coalition-for-international-education-letter-urging-reauthorization-of-key-title-vi-programs\/\">AHA Signs On to Coalition for International Education Letter Urging Reauthorization of Key Title VI Programs<\/a>&#8221; March 10, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-urging-doe-to-prioritize-international-and-foreign-language-education-and-research\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter Urging DoE to Prioritize International and Foreign Language Education and Research<\/a>,&#8221; November 5, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-for-increased-fy22-funding-of-international-education-and-foreign-language-studies\/;\">AHA Signs On to Letter for Increased FY22 Funding of International Education and Foreign Language Studies<\/a>,&#8221; July 1, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-for-congressional-title-vi-enhancements\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter for Congressional Title VI Enhancements<\/a>,&#8221; April 30, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-for-increased-fy22-funding-of-international-education-in-us-house\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter for Increased FY22 Funding of International Education in US House<\/a>,&#8221; May 14, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-urging-us-senate-leadership-to-reauthorize-title-vi-international-education-programs\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter Urging US Senate Leadership to Reauthorize Title VI International Education Programs<\/a>,&#8221; May 14, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-submits-comment-on-proposed-rule-change-for-international-scholar-visas\/\">AHA Submits Comment on Proposed Rule Change for International Scholar Visas,<\/a>&#8221;\u00a0 October 27, 2020.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-pushes-for-reauthorization-of-title-vi-college-affordability-act\/\">AHA Pushes for Reauthorization of Title VI College Affordability Act<\/a>,&#8221; October 24, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-letter-of-support-for-fy20-funding-of-international-education-and-foreign-language-program\/\">AHA Signs On to Letter of Support for FY20 Funding of International Education and Foreign Language Program<\/a>,&#8221; May 28, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-endorses-coalition-for-international-education-letter-for-congressional-title-vi-funding\/\">AHA Endorses Coalition for International Education Letter for Congressional Title VI Funding,<\/a>&#8221; May 14, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/letter-from-the-coalition-for-international-education-concerning-title-vi-and-fulbright-hays-funding\/\">Letter from the Coalition for International Education Concerning Title VI and Fulbright-Hays Funding<\/a>,&#8221; March 13, 2018.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/2017-letter-from-the-coalition-for-international-education-supporting-title-vi-international-education-programs\/\">2017 Letter from the Coalition for International Education Supporting Title VI-International Education Programs<\/a>,&#8221; December 11, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/2017-letter-of-support-for-title-vi-education\/;\">2017 Letter of Support for Title VI Education<\/a>,&#8221; July 10, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-on-to-statement-protesting-proposed-fy18-budget-reduction-of-department-of-education\/\">AHA Signs On to Statement Protesting Proposed FY18 Budget Reduction of Department of Education<\/a>,&#8221; April 6, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/aha-signs-memo-in-support-of-foreign-language-and-area-studies-fellowships\/\">AHA Signs Memo in Support of Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowships<\/a>,&#8221; April 30, 2016.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contents Threats to International Education Today How Is Federal Policy Threatening International ECEs? Demonstrating the Value of International Education Resources&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":96713,"parent":105948,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-106009","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","has-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106009"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107030,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106009\/revisions\/107030"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}