{"id":96691,"date":"2025-04-21T12:39:21","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T16:39:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/?page_id=96691"},"modified":"2025-11-24T12:14:39","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T17:14:39","slug":"resources-for-foreign-scholars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/why-history-matters\/aha-advocacy\/resources-for-foreign-scholars\/","title":{"rendered":"Resources for Foreign Scholars"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4>\n\t\t\tSupporting Foreign Scholars\t<\/h4>\n\t<p>Historical work is best done in a context of free exchange across the globe. Current conditions affecting foreign scholars and international travel can inhibit that free exchange. This document offers resources that might help individuals and departments navigate these difficult international situations, especially regarding travel and academic freedom. The AHA recognizes that conditions are rapidly changing and will update this document as frequently as possible. Please send questions or suggestions to <a href=\"mailto:info@historians.org\">info@historians.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:info@historians.org\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact Us\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/allison-saeng-X1rfqK8JDL0-unsplash.jpg\" alt=\"allison-saeng-X1rfqK8JDL0-unsplash\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"1800\" width=\"2400\" title=\"allison-saeng-X1rfqK8JDL0-unsplash\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n<h5>\n\t\t\tAHA Condemns Targeting of Foreign Scholars\t<\/h5>\n\t<p>In April 2025, the AHA released a statement condemning the current administration&#8217;s immigration policies and practices, which &#8220;threaten the vitality of historical work through the targeting of international scholars for increased scrutiny and legal action.&#8221;<\/p>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news\/american-historical-association-condemns-targeting-of-foreign-scholars\/\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRead Now\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Gold-textured-background-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A very long line of yellow lines at different brightnesses on a black background\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"1600\" width=\"2400\" title=\"Stock_2024_Gold\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n<h5>\n\t\t\tStatement on Employing International Faculty\t<\/h5>\n\t<p>This 2018 AHA statement &#8220;recommends that employers of historians be attentive to specific conditions that pertain to hiring our international colleagues.&#8221;<\/p>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/statement-on-employing-international-faculty\/\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRead Now\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n<h4>\n\t\t\tAdvocacy Guide for International Education\t<\/h4>\n\t<p>Now is the time to advocate for international education. For decades, federal educational and cultural exchange (ECE) programs-including the Fulbright, Title VI, and Fulbright-Hays-have provided invaluable opportunities for students, scholars, and educators in history and other disciplines.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/why-history-matters\/your-voice-matters\/advocacy-guide-for-international-education\/\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLearn More\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n<h3>\n\t\t\tExisting Visa Information\t<\/h3>\n\t<p>In light of an evolving legal environment and increased vetting of some visa applicants, all non-US citizens traveling to the United States should inquire as early as possible about visa requirements for travelers from their country. Information on visa applications can be found at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/travel.state.gov\/content\/visas\/en.html\">US Department of State website<\/a>. Travel policies continue to change regularly, so travelers should check with the embassy or consulate in their country for the most up-to-date information.<\/p>\n<p>Visitors should apply for a visa appointment as soon as possible. If you are traveling to the United States to attend a conference, it is not necessary to wait for registration to open or for the session schedule to be finalized before scheduling an appointment.<\/p>\n<p>Those who normally travel on the visa waiver program should be aware that restrictions announced in January 2016 require certain travelers from visa waiver program countries to obtain a visa before traveling to the United States.<\/p>\n<p>Participants who require a formal letter of invitation to attend the AHA annual meeting to support their visa application should fill out the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/forms\/FW9N0VNN5TPMXY502\">visa letter request form<\/a>. Be sure to list your name as it appears on your passport. See below for important links on visa processes.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/travel.state.gov\/content\/visas\/en\/visit\/visitor.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United States Visa Information<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/travel.state.gov\/content\/travel\/en\/us-visas\/tourism-visit\/visa-waiver-program.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Visa Waiver Program Changes<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\n\t\t\tHistory of Academic Freedom, Deportation, and Immigration\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">AHA Congressional Briefings<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4>History of Deportation<\/h4>\n<p>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/event\/history-of-deportation\/\">briefing<\/a> took place in March 2025. Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-span.org\/program\/american-history-tv\/history-of-deportation\/657169\">recording<\/a> of the briefing on C-SPAN and ccess the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/history-of-deportation\/\">handout<\/a>, which includes a chronology of the history of deportation in the United States.<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"History%20of%20Deportation%20%7C%20C-SPAN.org\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/players\/5EpNYdSP-xS4RtpB7.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"auto\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>The Federal Government and Academic Freedom in Higher Education<\/h4>\n<p>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/event\/the-federal-government-academic-freedom-in-higher-education\/\">briefing<\/a> took place in July 2024. Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-span.org\/program\/american-history-tv\/history-of-academic-freedom-in-higher-education\/644550\">recording<\/a> of the briefing on C-SPAN and access the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/the-federal-government-academic-freedom-in-higher-education\/\">handout<\/a> in the AHA&#8217;s Resource Library.<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"History%20of%20Academic%20Freedom%20in%20Higher%20Education%20%7C%20C-SPAN.org\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/players\/HIUvkNwi-xS4RtpB7.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"auto\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>History of Immigration on the Southern US Border<\/h4>\n<p>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/event\/history-of-immigration-on-the-southern-us-border\/\">briefing<\/a> took place in July 2023. Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-span.org\/program\/american-history-tv\/immigration-on-the-southern-border\/630564\">recording<\/a> of the briefing on C-SPAN and access the handout in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/history-of-immigration-at-the-u-s-southwestern-border\/\">AHA Resource Library.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Immigration%20on%20the%20Southern%20Border%20%7C%20C-SPAN.org\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/players\/TAoiQIYF-xS4RtpB7.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"auto\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-1\">AHA Publications<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-1\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/the-history-of-racism-and-racist-violence-immigration-and-xenophobia\/\">The History of Racism and Racist Violence: Immigration and Xenophobia<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/resource\/race-and-health-past-pandemics-and-covid-19\/\">Race and Health: Past Pandemics and COVID-19<\/a><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vicky Shen, Arko Dasgupta, and Eloy Romero Blanco, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/perspectives-article\/experiencing-the-transimperial-while-researching-it-three-international-students-journeys-november-2023\/\">Experiencing the Transimperial While Researching It: Three International Students&#8217; Journeys<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Perspectives on History<\/em>, 2023).<\/p>\n<p>Yanqiu Zheng, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/perspectives-article\/working-while-foreign-april-2023\/\">Working While Foreign: An Ongoing Journey,<\/a>&#8221; (<em>Perspectives on History<\/em>, 2023).<\/p>\n<p>Grace Argo, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/perspectives-article\/helping-the-tired-the-poor-the-huddled-masses-community-based-learning-in-the-immigrant-justice-lab-april-2022\/\">Helping the Tired, the Poor, the Huddled Masses: Community-Based Learning in the Immigrant Justice Lab<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Perspectives on History<\/em>, 2022).<\/p>\n<p>Ibrahim al-Marashi, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/perspectives-article\/travel-bans-in-historical-perspective-executive-orders-have-defined-terrorists-since-nixon-november-2017\/\">Travel Bans in Historical Perspective: Executive Orders Have Defined &#8216;Terrorists&#8217; Since Nixon<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Perspectives on History<\/em>, 2017).<\/p>\n<p>Julie M Weise and Christoph Rass, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ahr\/rhad500\">Migrating Concepts: The Transatlantic Origins of the Bracero Program, 1919-42<\/a>&#8221; (<em>The American Historical Review<\/em>, Volume 129, Issue 1, March 2024, Pages 22-52)<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\"  id=\"fl-accordion--label-2\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-2\">Chronology of the History of Deportation<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-2\"  tabindex=\"0\"><i title=\"Expand\">Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>This chronology was created for the AHA&#8217;s March 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/news-and-advocacy\/congressional-briefings\">Congressional Briefing<\/a> on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/event\/history-of-deportation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">history of deportation by<\/a> panelists\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/history.berkeley.edu\/people\/faculty\/current\/hidetaka-hirota\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hidetaka Hirota<\/a> (Univ. of California, Berkeley), <a href=\"https:\/\/history.stanford.edu\/people\/ana-raquel-minian-andjel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ana Raquel Minian Andjel<\/a> (Stanford Univ.), and Yael Schacher (Refugees International). The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-span.org\/program\/american-history-tv\/history-of-deportation\/657169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recording<\/a> of the briefing is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-span.org\/program\/american-history-tv\/history-of-deportation\/657169\">available<\/a> to watch on C-SPAN.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1639<\/strong> &#8211; Colonial Massachusetts law authorized towns to remove poor people who had no legal settlement in the town.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1683<\/strong> &#8211; Colonial New York law authorized local officials to send transient beggars to &#8220;the country from whence they came.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1794<\/strong> &#8211; Massachusetts state law allowed for the expulsion of any pauper without legal settlement in the state to &#8220;any other State, or to any place beyond [the] sea where he belongs.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1798<\/strong> &#8211; The Alien Act authorized the president to arrest and deport foreign nationals whom he deemed dangerous to the peace and security of the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1850<\/strong> &#8211; Massachusetts immigration officials were authorized to deport foreign paupers from the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1875<\/strong> &#8211; The US Supreme Court declared state passenger laws in New York, Louisiana, and California unconstitutional.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1882<\/strong> &#8211; The Chinese Restriction Act excluded Chinese laborers, with a provision for the deportation of Chinese who unlawfully entered the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1882<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration Act excluded the poor, people with mental illness, and criminals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1891<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration Act added people likely to become public charges, people with contagious diseases, polygamists, contract workers, and assisted immigrants to the excludable class. The act also provided for the deportation of foreign nationals found to have entered the United States unlawfully within a year after arrival.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1892<\/strong> &#8211; The Geary Act required Chinese in the US to obtain a Certificate of Residence. Those who failed to do so would become deportable.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1924<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration Act introduced the national origins quota system, starting quantitative immigration restriction. It also introduced a consular control system and suspended virtually all Asian immigration.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1930s (Great Depression)<\/strong> &#8211; One of the most extensive mass expulsion campaigns in US history, on the premise that Mexican migrants and US-born Mexican Americans were responsible for significant aspects of the nation&#8217;s economic miseries. By the late 1930s, 2 million people had been expelled to Mexico; 60% are estimated to have been US citizens.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1942-64<\/strong> &#8211; The Bracero Program, a guest worker program allowing temporary labor from Mexico, issued over 4.5 million contracts in 22 years. The program led to increased unsanctioned border crossings. More people wanted to join than there were available slots, leading to undocumented migration. Returning Braceros encouraged others to migrate.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1954<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration and Naturalization Service launched Operation Wetback, a paramilitary campaign to expel Mexican migrants. Over 1 million people were apprehended; many families were separated by deportation. Operation Wetback reduced unauthorized crossings; the government replaced those workers-because of employer demands-with legal guest workers through the Bracero Program.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1964<\/strong> &#8211; Congress ended the Bracero Program. Mexican workers accustomed to US employment continued migrating-now without authorization.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1965<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration and Nationality Act (also known as the Hart-Celler Act)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Replaced the race- and nationality-based quota system that had been in place since 1924 with numerical quotas on migration from all countries, including on independent countries in the Americas for the first time.<\/li>\n<li>Created a preference system that focused on immigrants&#8217; skills and family relations with citizens or US residents and exempted immediate relatives of US citizens from the quota.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1980<\/strong> &#8211; The Refugee Act<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Provided a permanent and systematic procedure for the admission of refugees of special humanitarian concern to the US.<\/li>\n<li>Incorporated the UN Refugee Convention definition of a refugee into US law.<\/li>\n<li>Mandated the establishment of procedures whereby a person at the border or in the US, regardless of status, could seek asylum.<\/li>\n<li>Prohibited return of any asylum seeker to a country where their life or liberty would be threatened.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1980s<\/strong> &#8211; Thousands of Central Americans fled to the US due to violence and poverty. US immigration officials refused to hear or summarily denied asylum claims from Salvadorans and Guatemalans, prompting the growth of the Sanctuary Movement and leading to a federal court settlement requiring new hearings for hundreds of thousands of asylum seekers. The US also pressured Mexico to block migrants before they reached the US border. As a result, Mexico deported more Central Americans than the US.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1986<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Introduced border fortification and increased border enforcement to deter unauthorized migration. Instead of inhibiting migration, the policy changed behavior, as migrants, fearing the risks of crossing multiple times, brought their families and settled permanently. The overall unauthorized migrant population living in the United States increased.<\/li>\n<li>Granted a pathway to permanent residency to unauthorized immigrants who had lived in the US since 1982 or worked in certain agricultural jobs.<\/li>\n<li>Imposed sanctions on employers who knowingly hire unauthorized workers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1990<\/strong> &#8211; The Immigration Act<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Revised the preference categories for immigration visas (including limiting visas for low-skilled workers) and created new diversity and specialty immigrant visas and temporary visas.<\/li>\n<li>Authorized the attorney general to grant &#8220;temporary protected status&#8221; to nationals of countries suffering from armed conflicts, natural disasters, or &#8220;other extraordinary and temporary conditions.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1996<\/strong> &#8211; The Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRAIRA)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Added penalties for immigrants who commit crimes in the United States or undocumented immigrants who stay in the US for statutorily defined periods of time.<\/li>\n<li>Created an expedited removal process, mandating detention and fast-track removal without immigration court proceedings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2004-18<\/strong> &#8211; Mexico deported 1.7 million Central Americans; the US deported 1.1 million Central Americans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2006<\/strong> &#8211; The Secure Fences Act mandated that the Secretary of Homeland Security act quickly to achieve operational control over US international land and maritime borders, including an expansion of existing walls, fences, and surveillance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2008<\/strong> &#8211; The Trafficking Victims Protection Act created visas for victims of trafficking and special screenings for unaccompanied children. Unaccompanied children from noncontiguous territories are referred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2010<\/strong> &#8211; Los Zetas cartel massacred 72 Central American migrants who were unable to pay the cartel. Cartel violence against Central American migrants has since escalated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2012<\/strong> &#8211; The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) executive action enabled young adults (ages 15 to 30) brought to the US illegally as children to apply for temporary deportation relief and a two-year work permit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2015<\/strong> &#8211; Decision in Flores v. Johnson set detention conditions for families and limited it to 20 days.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2020<\/strong> &#8211; Section 265 of US Code Title 42 was invoked to prohibit entry and authorize expulsion of border crossers in the name of preventing the spread of COVID-19.<\/p>\n<h3>\n\t\t\tOther Resources &#038; Initiatives\t<\/h3>\n\t<h4>American Council on Education<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bThe <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acenet.edu\/Pages\/default.aspx\">American Council on Education<\/a> (ACE) is a membership organization that leads higher education with a united vision for the future. We galvanize our members to make change and we collaborate across the sector to design solutions for today&#8217;s challenges, serve the needs of a diverse student population, and shape effective public policy. As the major coordinating body for the nation&#8217;s colleges and universities, our strength lies in our diverse membership of more than 1,600 colleges and universities, related associations, and other organizations in the United States and abroad. ACE is the only major higher education association to represent all types of U.S. accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities. Our members educate two out of every three students in all accredited, degree-granting U.S. institutions.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.acenet.edu\/Policy-Advocacy\/Pages\/2025-Trump-Administration-Transition.aspx\">Higher Education &amp; The Trump Administration<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.acenet.edu\/Policy-Advocacy\/Pages\/Immigration\/Immigration-and-International-Students.aspx\">Immigration and International Students<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>American Immigration Lawyers Association<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;Founded in 1946, the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit, voluntary bar association that provides continuing legal education, professional services, information, and expertise to more than 16,000 attorneys who practice and teach immigration law.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aila.org\/advocacy-tools\">Advocacy Tools<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aila.org\/immigration-news\">Immigration News<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Center for the Defense of Academic Freedom, AAUP<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;Increasingly, academic freedom is being threatened from a whole host of directions. Politicians in many states have passed laws banning the teaching of certain &#8220;concepts&#8221; and shuttering DEI offices. Partisan interests, media outlets, congressional committees, and online trolls have targeted faculty for their teaching, research, and public speech. Some faculty face relentless harassment. These attacks can result in faculty being sanctioned, even fired. This guide offers a collection of resources designed to help faculty, and their supporters, respond to these challenges.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaup.org\/programs\/academic-freedom\/center-defense-academic-freedom\/academic-freedom-field-guide\">Academic Freedom Field Guide<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Committee on Human Rights, National Academies<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/chr\/committee-on-human-rights\">Committee on Human Rights<\/a> (CHR) serves as a bridge between the human rights and scientific, engineering, and medical communities to advance human welfare and dignity worldwide.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/chr\/resources-for-researchers-and-scholars-under-threat-in-the-united-states\">Resources for Researchers and Scholars under Threat in the United States<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Council of Graduate Schools<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;The <a href=\"https:\/\/igehub.org\/\">Council of Graduate Schools<\/a> (CGS) is a nonprofit higher education organization with headquarters in Washington, DC. Its mission is to advance graduate education and research. Its main activities consist of best practice initiatives, data analysis, advocacy, and global engagement.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cgsnet.org\/advocacy-toolkit-on-international-graduate-students-and-opt\">Advocacy Toolkit on International Graduate Students and OPT<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Faculty First Responders<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/facultyfirstresponders.com\/\">Faculty First Responders<\/a> (FFR) is a small mutual aid organization focused on direct action to defend and expand academic freedom. We provide support and resources for higher education workers and students attacked in the right-wing media ecosystem.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Higher Ed Immigration Portal<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;An initiative by the Presidents&#8217; Alliance on Higher Education and Immigration. A digital platform that integrates data, policies, and resources about DACA and undocumented, refugee, other immigrant, and international students to support federal immigration reform, fuel change at the state and campus level, and build a diverse movement of partners and stakeholders advocating alongside these students.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.higheredimmigrationportal.org\/resources\/rights-protections-hub-guidance-for-institutions-and-immigrant-students\/\">Rights &amp; Protections Hub: Guidance for Institutions and Immigrant Students<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>NAFSA: Association of International Educators<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;International education is the cornerstone for building a more understanding and peaceful world. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/\">NAFSA<\/a> serves the needs of more than 10,000 members and international educators worldwide and is the leading organization committed to international education and exchange, working to advance policies and practices that build global citizens with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in today&#8217;s interconnected world.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/current-us-administration\">Current US Administration<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Presidents&#8217; Alliance<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.presidentsalliance.org\/\">Presidents&#8217; Alliance<\/a> [is] an alliance of American college and university leaders dedicated to increasing public understanding of how immigration policies and practices impact our students, campuses and communities. We support policies that create a welcoming environment for immigrant, undocumented and international students on our campuses.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presidentsalliance.org\/resources\/\">Resources on Higher Education and Immigration<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Researcher Support Consortium<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/researchersupport.org\/\">Researcher Support Consortium<\/a>: The resources and guidance on this website were compiled by a group of researchers who have extensive experience supporting colleagues who have faced coordinated campaigns of intimidation and harassment in response to their important public-facing work. We have faced such campaigns ourselves and, after receiving little support from our universities, we began studying both existing and needed forms of institutional support. We support individual researchers but also work with universities and funders about the tools and mechanisms they can put in place to address this occupational hazard.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/researchersupport.org\/institutions\/\">Researchers Facing Campaigns of Intimidation and Harassment Are Often Left to Fend for Themselves. They Need Your Support.<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/researchersupport.org\/researchers-mitigate-risk-and-cope-during-an-attack\/\">Researchers: Mitigate Risk and Cope During an Attack<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/researchersupport.org\/researchers\/\">There Are More and More Avenues of Support for Researchers Facing Coordinated Campaigns of Intimidation and Harassment. We&#8217;ve Compiled Many of Them for You Here.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/researchersupport.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RSC_Toolkit_V2.pdf\">Toolkit for Institutions<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Scholars at Risk<\/h4>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/\">Scholars at Risk<\/a> (SAR) is an international network of higher education institutions and individuals dedicated to protecting threatened scholars, preventing attacks on higher education, and promoting academic freedom and related values worldwide.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/academic-freedom-media-review-us-bulletin\/\">Academic Freedom Media Review: US Bulletin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/get-help\/\">Get Help<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scholarsatrisk.org\/get-involved-institutions\/\">Get Involved<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>The AHA is a member of the Scholars at Risk network.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>\n\t\t\tNews Articles\t<\/h3>\n\t<p>Sara Weissman, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/quick-takes\/2025\/11\/12\/trump-defends-enrolling-international-students\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump Defends Enrolling International Students<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>, November 12, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Dan Garisto, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-025-03653-w?emci=f17912d4-d9c0-f011-8196-6045bdfe8e9c&amp;emdi=082c073d-dcc0-f011-8196-6045bdfe8e9c&amp;ceid=12662638\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International PhD student numbers in US hold steady &#8211; for now<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Nature<\/em>, November 7, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/even-as-classes-begin-some-foreign-students-are-still-in-visa-limbo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Even as Classes Begin, Some Foreign Students Are Still in Visa Limbo<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, September 5, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Anemona Hartocollis, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/08\/20\/us\/trump-visa-vetting-international-students.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&amp;referringSource=articleShare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump&#8217;s Tactics Mean Many International Students Won&#8217;t Make It to Campus<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, August 20, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/how-the-economic-case-for-international-students-lost-steam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How the Economic Case for International Students Lost Steam<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, August 4, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Stuart Anderson, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/stuartanderson\/2025\/08\/03\/trump-and-miller-compel-colleges-not-to-enroll-international-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump And Miller Compel Colleges Not To Enroll International Students<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Forbes<\/em>, August 3, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/newsletter\/latitudes\/2025-07-30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New international enrollments could decline by one-third,<\/a>&#8221; (<em>The Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, July 30, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Gregory Svirnovskiy and Bianca Quilantan, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2025\/07\/26\/trump-administration-immigrant-student-tuition-00477791\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump administration pushes states to exclude immigrant students from in-state tuition<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Politico<\/em>, July 26, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Michael C. Bender and Alan Blinder, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/07\/23\/us\/politics\/state-department-trump-harvard.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Dept. Opens Investigation Into Harvard&#8217;s Use of International Visas<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, July 23, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Sammy Westfall, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/2025\/07\/09\/international-students-visas-trump-social-media-online-vetting\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">To study in the U.S. under Trump, international students scrub their accounts<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Washington Post<\/em>, July 9, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Ashifa Kassam, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/education\/2025\/jul\/05\/academics-leaving-us-scientific-asylum-france-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8216;The American system is being destroyed&#8217;: academics on leaving US for &#8216;scientific asylum&#8217; in France<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The Guardian<\/em>, July 7, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Caroline Haskins, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/cbp-wants-new-tech-to-search-for-hidden-data-on-seized-phones\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CBP Wants New Tech to Search for Hidden Data on Seized Phones<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Wired<\/em>, July 3, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Nathan M. Greenfield, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.universityworldnews.com\/post.php?story=20250701164835670\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">US universities plan refuge for blocked foreign students<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>University World News<\/em>, July 2, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Jaclyn Diaz, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2025\/06\/07\/nx-s1-5423535\/international-students-college-data-breakdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International students in the U.S.: Who they are, where they&#8217;re from<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>NPR<\/em>, June 7, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/what-the-new-travel-ban-means-for-higher-ed?utm_source=Iterable&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=campaign_13783053_nl_Afternoon-Update_date_20250605\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What the New Travel Ban Means for Higher Ed<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, June 5, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Eleanor Klibanoff and Jessica Priest, &#8220;T<a href=\"https:\/\/www.texastribune.org\/2025\/06\/04\/texas-justice-department-lawsuit-undocumented-in-state-tuition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exas&#8217; undocumented college students no longer qualify for in-state tuition<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The Texas Tribune<\/em>, June 4, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/why-this-is-the-most-damaging-time-to-restrict-student-visas?utm_source=Iterable&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=campaign_13770636_nl_Daily-Briefing_date_20250605\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Why This Is the Most Damaging Time to Restrict Student Visas<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, June 4, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Jenna Russell, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/06\/07\/us\/trump-harvard-international-student-ban.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard Taught This British Student About Democracy. Now Trump May Force Him Out<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, May 30, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Kathleen Kingsbury, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/05\/30\/opinion\/visas-china-rockets-scientist-technology.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The U.S. Deported This Chinese Scientist, in a Decision That Changed World History<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, May 30, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/colleges-across-u-s-fear-chill-on-enrollments-of-foreign-students?utm_source=Iterable&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=campaign_13691032_nl_Academe-Today_date_20250529\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colleges Across the U.S. Fear Chill on Enrollments of Foreign Students<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, May 28, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Karin Fischer, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/newsletter\/latitudes\/2025-05-14?utm_source=Iterable&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=campaign_13539368_nl_Academe-Today_date_20250515\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As Trump ends protected status, Afghan students worry about the future<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, May 14, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Kyle Cheney and Josh Gerstein, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2025\/04\/25\/foreign-students-visas-donald-trump-00311600?emci=036ab827-c626-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;emdi=b9aec97f-6e27-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;ceid=12662638\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How a Trump administration crackdown on foreign students unraveled<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Politico<\/em>, April 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Joann Ng Hartmann, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nafsa.org\/blog\/new-insights-growing-number-actions-against-international-students-and-scholars?emci=036ab827-c626-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;emdi=b9aec97f-6e27-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;ceid=12662638\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New Insights into the Growing Number of Actions Against International Students and Scholars<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>NAFSA<\/em>, April 25, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>The Vergecast, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_BJUgshwLxg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to keep your data safe when you travel<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The Verge<\/em>, April 22, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Johanna Alonso, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/global\/international-students-us\/2025\/04\/22\/laws-behind-trumps-student-visa-terminations?emci=036ab827-c626-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;emdi=b9aec97f-6e27-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;ceid=12662638\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Is SEVIS, and How Is the Government Using It to Go After International Students?<\/a>&#8221; (<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>, April 22, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Ashley Mowreader, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/global\/international-students-us\/2025\/04\/21\/five-key-takeaways-tracking-student-visa?emci=036ab827-c626-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;emdi=b9aec97f-6e27-f011-8b3d-6045bded8cca&amp;ceid=12662638\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What We&#8217;ve Learned So Far From Tracking Student Visa Data<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>, April 21, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Lily Hay Newman, Matt Burgess, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/how-to-protect-yourself-from-phone-searches-at-the-us-border\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Protect Yourself From Phone Searches at the US Border<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Wired<\/em>, April 21, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Zach Montague, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/04\/19\/us\/politics\/lawsuit-trump-student-visa-deportation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lawsuit Aims to Broadly Halt Deportations of Foreign Students<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, April 19, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Rachel Riedl and Stephen Yale-Loehr, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/04\/19\/opinion\/international-students-ice-deportations-universities.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Our Foreign Students Are Terrified, and They&#8217;re Right to Be<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>New York Times<\/em>, April 19, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Alia Wong, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/US\/wireStory\/lawsuit-challenges-trump-administration-crackdown-international-students-120962652\">Lawsuit challenges Trump administration crackdown on international students<\/a>,&#8221; (ABC News, April 18, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>ACLU of Georgia, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acluga.org\/en\/press-releases\/civil-rights-orgs-kuck-baxter-condemn-international-students-visa-revocations-seek\">Civil Rights Orgs, Kuck Baxter Condemn International Students&#8217; Visa Revocations, Seek Temporary Restraining Order<\/a>,&#8221; (ACLU Georgia, April 17, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Dahlia Bazzaz, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.seattletimes.com\/seattle-news\/education\/judge-temporarily-blocks-ice-from-detaining-or-deporting-uw-student\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Judge temporarily blocks ICE from detaining or deporting UW student<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Seattle Times<\/em>, April 17, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Kristen Taketa, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.union-bulletin.com\/news\/national\/able-to-happen-again-japanese-american-historians-in-san-diego-warn-of-trump-s-use\/article_d0cfd872-653c-5c83-bbdf-8f48851dc44d.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8216;Able to happen again&#8217;: Japanese American historians in San Diego warn of Trump&#8217;s use of 1798 wartime law<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The San Diego Union-Tribune<\/em>, April 17, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>ACLU of Michigan, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclumich.org\/en\/press-releases\/aclu-michigan-sues-trump-administration-illegally-stripping-immigration-status\">ACLU of Michigan Sues Trump Administration for Illegally Stripping the Immigration Status of International Students Attending Public Universities Throughout the State<\/a>,&#8221; (April 10, 2025).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/author\/alissa-gary\">Alissa Gary<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/author\/nell-gluckman\">Nell Gluckman<\/a>, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/tracking-trumps-actions-on-student-visas?sra=true\">Tracking Trump&#8217;s Actions on Student Visas<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, April 10, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Alissa Gary, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/trump-has-revoked-student-visas-at-dozens-of-colleges-heres-what-that-means\">Trump Has Revoked Student Visas at Dozens of Colleges. Here&#8217;s What That Means<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>, April 7, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Jeff Tollefson, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-025-01056-5\">International PhD students make emergency plans in fear of US immigration raids<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Nature<\/em>, April 4, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Ryan Quinn, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/diversity\/2025\/03\/26\/aaup-middle-east-studies-group-sue-trump-over-deportations\">AAUP, Middle East Studies Association Sue Trump Over Deportations<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>, March 26, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Uncanny Valley, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/uncanny-valley-podcast-phone-privacy-us-border-travel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Protecting Your Phone-and Your Privacy-at the US Border<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Wired<\/em>, March 24, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Liam Knox and Ryan Quinn, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/faculty-issues\/academic-freedom\/2025\/03\/21\/trump-administration-attempts-deport-bar-entry\">Trump&#8217;s Latest Target: Foreign Scholars<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>, March 21, 2025).<\/p>\n<p>Demonte Thomas, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/statenews.com\/article\/2025\/03\/msu-offers-support-resources-to-international-students-and-scholars-amid-trump-changes?ct=content_open&amp;cv=cbox_featured\">MSU offers support, resources to international students and scholars amid Trump changes<\/a>,&#8221; (<em>The State News, <\/em>March 19, 2025).<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supporting Foreign Scholars Historical work is best done in a context of free exchange across the globe. Current conditions affecting&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":96710,"parent":2120,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-96691","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","has-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96691"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108237,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96691\/revisions\/108237"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}